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Magdalene asylum
Magdalene asylums, also known as Magdalene laundries, were institutions from the 18th to the late 20th centuries ostensibly to house "fallen women", a term used to imply female sexual promiscuity or work in prostitution. Asylums operated throughout Europe and North America for much of the nineteenth and well into the twentieth century, the last one closing in 1996. The institutions were named after the Biblical figure Mary Magdalene, in earlier centuries characterised as a reformed prostitute.
==Inception==
The first Magdalene institution was founded in late 1758 in Whitechapel, England,〔^ Finnegan 8〕 which led to the establishment of a similar institution in Ireland by 1767.〔
The first Magdalene asylum in the United States was the Magdalen Society of Philadelphia, founded in 1800; other North American cities, including New York, Boston, Chicago, and Toronto, quickly followed suit.〔^ Smith xv〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Feng, Violet. "The Magdalene Laundry", ''Sixty Minutes'', CBS, August 8, 2003 )〕 In the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Magdalene asylums were common in several countries.〔 By 1900, there were more than 300 asylums in England and more than 20 in Scotland.〔〔"(Magdalen Hospital for the Reception of Penitent Prostitutes )". Retrieved 18 February 2013.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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